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Caffeine
2D structure of caffeine
3D structure of caffeine
Clinical data
Pronunciation/kæˈfn, ˈkæfn/
SynonymsGuaranine
Methyltheobromine
1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine
7-methyltheophylline Theine
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: A
Dependence
liability
Physical: low–moderate
Psychological: low
Addiction
liability
Low / none
Routes of
administration
By mouth, insufflation, enema, rectal, intravenous
Drug classStimulant
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability99%
Protein binding25–36%
MetabolismPrimary: CYP1A2
Minor: CYP2E1,CYP3A4,
CYP2C8,CYP2C9
MetabolitesParaxanthine (84%)
Theobromine (12%)
Theophylline (4%)
Onset of action~1 hour
Elimination half-lifeAdults: 3–7 hours
Infants (full term): 8 hours
Infants (premature): 100 hours
Duration of action3–4 hours
ExcretionUrine (100%)
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
PDB ligand
E number{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC8H10N4O2
Molar mass194.19 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Density1.23 g/cm3
Melting point235 to 238 °C (455 to 460 °F) (anhydrous)

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Coffee plant (Coffea arabica), with fruits. The fruits, which are used to make coffee, contain caffeine.

Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. It is in the methylxanthine class. It is found in many plants, and is used in drinks like coffee, some teas, some soft drinks, and energy drinks. It can be harmful for both humans and animals if a large amount is consumed. If a person ate 10-13 grams of caffeine quickly, between 80 and 100 cups of coffee, they would overdose and may die. It is the world's most popular psychoactive drug, and is legal in nearly all of the world.

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How Does Caffeine Wake You Up
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How does caffeine keep us awake - Hanan Qasim
Here's what caffeine does to your body and brain

Here's what caffeine does to your body and brain
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