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Oliver Cromwell | |
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Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland | |
In office 16 December 1653 – 3 September 1658 | |
Preceded by | Council of State |
Succeeded by | Richard Cromwell |
Member of Parliament for Cambridge | |
In office 1640–1649 | |
Monarch | Charles I |
Member of Parliament for Huntingdon | |
In office 1628–1629 | |
Monarch | Charles I |
Personal details | |
Born | 25 April 1599 Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, Kingdom of England |
Died | 3 September 1658 (aged 59) Palace of Whitehall, London, The Protectorate |
Resting place | Tyburn, London |
Nationality | English |
Spouse(s) | Elizabeth Bourchier (m. 1620) |
Children | |
Parents |
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Alma mater | Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge |
Occupation | Farmer, parliamentarian, military commander |
Signature | |
Military service | |
Nickname(s) | Old Noll; Old Ironsides |
Allegiance | Roundhead |
Branch/service | Eastern Association (1643–1645); New Model Army (1645–1646) |
Years of service | 1643–1651 |
Rank | Colonel (1643 – bef. 1644); Lieutenant-General of Horse (bef. 1644–1645); Lieutenant-General of Cavalry (1645–1646) |
Commands | Cambridgeshire Ironsides (1643 – bef. 1644); Eastern Association (bef. 1644–1645); New Model Army (1645–1646) |
Battles/wars | English Civil War (1642–1651): |
Royal styles of Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth | |
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Reference style | His Highness |
Spoken style | Your Highness |
Alternative style | Sir |
Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658) was an English military and political leader best known for making England a republic and leading the Commonwealth of England and primarily because of ethnic cleansing activities in Ireland euphemistically called as Cromwellian Genocide.
Cromwell's actions during his career seem confusing to us today. He supported Parliament against the King, yet he ordered his soldiers to break up parliament. Under his rule, the Protectorate said that people's religious beliefs should be respected, but people who went against what most people believed were sometimes tortured and imprisoned.