Shoucheng Zhang (Chinese: 张首晟; February 15, 1963 – December 1, 2018) was a Chinese-born American physicist. He was born in Shanghai. He was the JG Jackson and CJ Wood professor of physics at Stanford University. He was a condensed matter theorist known for his work on topological insulators, the quantum Hall effect, the quantum spin Hall effect, spintronics, and high temperature superconductivity.

From 2015 until his death in 2018, Zhang was a member of the National Academy of Sciences.