Republic of Poland Rzeczpospolita Polska  (Polish)
Anthem:
Location of  Poland  (dark green) – on the European continent  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)  —  [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Warsaw 52°13′N 21°02′E / 52.217°N 21.033°E / 52.217; 21.033
Official languages	Polish
Polish Lithuanian Kashubian Czech German Romani Ukrainian Hungarian Slovak Belarusian Russian Romanian Yiddish Rusyn
Ethnic groups (2011)	94.61% Polish 0.28% German 0.12% Ukrainian 0.12% Belarusian 0.04% Kashubian 0.03% Romani 0.02% Lemko 4.99% other
Religion (2011)	87.6% Roman Catholicism 7.1% No Answer 3.1% Other Faith 2.2% None
Demonym(s)	Polish people Pole
Government	Unitary semi-presidential republic
• President	Andrzej Duda
• Prime Minister	Mateusz Morawiecki
Legislature	National Assembly
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Sejm
Formation
• Baptism of Poland	14 April 966
• Kingdom of Poland	18 April 1025
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	1 July 1569
• Partition of Poland	24 October 1795
• Duchy of Warsaw	22 July 1807
• Congress Poland	9 June 1815
• Second Polish Republic	11 November 1918
• Invasion of Poland, World War II	1 September 1939
• Communist Poland	8 April 1945
• Third Polish Republic	13 September 1989
• Accession to the European Union	1 May 2004
Area
• Total	Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (69th)
• Water (%)	3.07
Population
• 2018 estimate	38,420,687 (34th)
• Density	Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (83rd)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$1,110 trillion (21st)
• Per capita	$29,250
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Total	$509.955 billion (23rd)
• Per capita	$13,429
Gini (2014)	▼ 32.08 medium
HDI (2015)	0.855 very high · 36th
Currency	Polish złoty (PLN)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+48
ISO 3166 code	PL
Internet TLD	.pl
Website poland.pl
^a  The area of Poland, as given by the Central Statistical Office, is 312,679 km2 (120,726 sq mi), of which 311,888 km2 (120,421 sq mi) is land and 791 km2 (305 sq mi) is internal water surface area. ^b  The adoption of Christianity in Poland is seen by many Poles, regardless of their religious affiliation or lack thereof, as one of the most significant events in their country's history, as it was used to unify the tribes in the region.

Poland is a country in the eastern region of Central Europe. Its official name is Republic of Poland. It is on the east of Germany (along Oder and Lusatian Neisse). The Czech Republic and Slovakia are to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania, and the Russian exclave Kaliningrad to the north. The total land area of Poland is about 312,679 km² (120,728 mi²), slightly larger than Oman. This makes Poland the 77th largest country in the world with over 38.5 million people. Most Polish people live in large cities, including the capital, Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa), Łódź, Cracow (Polish: Kraków), the second capital of Poland (first was Gniezno), Szczecin, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań.

The word "Poland" was written officially for the first time in 966. In 1569, Poland formed a strong union with Lithuania called the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. At some point in its history, it was the largest state in Europe and became very influential. Much of the territory that now makes up Central European states used to belong to that Commonwealth. Eventually, after a slow decline, the Commonwealth collapsed in 1795. Poland regained its independence in 1918 after World War I. In 1921, Poland defeated Soviet Russia in the Polish-Soviet War that started in 1919.