People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国 Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó
Anthem:
Area controlled by the People's Republic of China shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green.
Capital	Beijing 39°55′N 116°23′E / 39.917°N 116.383°E / 39.917; 116.383
Official languages	Standard Chinese
	Vernacular Chinese
	Simplified Chinese
Ethnic groups	91.51% Han 55 minorities 1.30% Zhuang 0.86% Manchu 0.79% Uyghur 0.79% Hui 0.72% Miao 0.65% Yi 0.62% Tujia 0.47% Mongol 0.44% Tibetan 0.26% Buyei 0.15% Korean 1.05% others
Demonym(s)	Chinese
Government	Socialist, Single-party state
• Party General Secretary and President	Xi Jinping
• Premier	Li Qiang
• Congress Chairman	Zhang Dejiang
• Conference Chairman	Yu Zhengsheng
• First-ranked Secretary of the Secretariat	Liu Yunshan
• Secretary of Discipline Inspection Commission	Wang Qishan
• First Vice Premier	Zhang Gaoli
Legislature	National People's Congress
Formation
• First Unification of China under the Qin Dynasty	221 BCE
• Republic established	1 January 1912
• People's Republic proclaimed	1 October 1949
Area
• Total	Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (3rd/4th)
• Water (%)	0.28%
Population
• 2016 estimate	1,403,500,365 (1st)
• 2010 census	1,339,724,852 (1st)
• Density	Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (83rd)
GDP (PPP)	2019 estimate
• Total	$27.449 trillion (1st)
• Per capita	$19,559 (79th)
GDP (nominal)	2019 estimate
• Total	$15.543 trillion (IMF) $15.224 trillion (China NBS) (2nd)
• Per capita	$11,074 (70th)
Gini (2015)	46.2 high
HDI (2017)	0.752 high · 86th
Currency	Renminbi (yuan)(¥) (CNY)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard Time)
Date format	yyyy-mm-dd or yyyy年m月d日 (CE; CE-1949)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+86
ISO 3166 code	CN
Internet TLD	.cn .中國 .中国

China
Traditional Chinese	中國
Simplified Chinese	中国
Transcriptions Gan - Romanization Tung-koe̍t Hakka - Romanization Dung24Gued2 Mandarin - Hanyu Pinyin Zhōngguó - Tongyong Pinyin Jhong1guo2 - Wade–Giles Chung1kuo2 - IPA [ʈʂʊ́ŋkwǒ] - Gwoyeu Romatzyh Jong gwo - MPS2 Jung1guo2 - Bopomofo ㄓㄨㄥㄍㄨㄛˊ - Xiao'erjing ﺟْﻮ ﻗُﻮَع Min - Hokkien POJ Tiong-kok - Min-dong BUC  Dṳ̆ng-guók (info • help) Wu - Romanization Tson平kueh入 Xiang - IPA [tan55kua13] Cantonese (Yue) - Jyutping Zung1gwok3 - Yale Romanization Jūnggwok

China (simplified Chinese: 中国; traditional Chinese: 中國 Pinyin: Zhōngguó) is a cultural region, an ancient civilization, and a nation in East Asia. The official name is People's Republic of China or PRC.

The last Chinese Civil War (1927–1949) resulted in two different political powers today:

• The Republic of China (ROC) (since 1911), commonly known as China since 1 January, 1911 to 25 October, 1971. Now commonly known as Taiwan, has control over the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu.
• The People's Republic of China (PRC) (since 1949), commonly known as China, has control over mainland China and the largely self-governing territories of Hong Kong (since 1997) and Macau (since 1999).

China is one of the world's oldest civilizations: it has the oldest continuous civilization near the Yellow River region. There is archaeological evidence over 5,000 years old. China also has one of the world's oldest writing systems (and the oldest in use today). China has been the source of many major inventions. Geographically, China’s longest river is the Yangtze River which runs through mega cities and is home to many species. It is the world’s third longest river.