The cathars are expelled from Carcassonne, in the year 1209
The lower, older part of Castle Peyrepertuse. This castle was one of the last Cathar strongholds to fall
The Catharfaith was a version of Christianity. They were usually considered Gnostics. The word 'Cathar' comes the Greek word katharos meaning 'unpolluted' (from Tobias Churton, The Gnostics) or "the pure ones".