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Moon ☾
Moon merged small.jpg
The Moon as seen from Earth. This is a nearly full moon
Designations
Luna
Adjectiveslunar, selenic
Orbital characteristics
Perigee363,104 km  (0.002 4 AU)
Apogee405,696 km  (0.002 7 AU)
384,399 km  (0.002 57 AU)
Eccentricity0.054 9
27.321 582 d  (27 d 7 h 43.1 min)
29.530 589 d  (29 d 12 h 44 min 2.9 s)
1.022 km/s
Inclination5.145° to the ecliptic
(between 18.29° and 28.58° to Earth's equator)
regressing by one revolution in 18.6 years
progressing by one revolution in 8.85 years
Satellite ofEarth
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
1,737.10 km  (0.273 Earths)
Flattening0.001 25
Circumference10,921 km (equatorial)
3.793 × 107 km²  (0.074 Earths)
Volume2.195 8 × 1010 k  (0.020 Earths)
Mass7.347 7 × 1022 kg  (0.012 3 Earths)
Mean density
3,346.4 kg/m³
1.622 m/s² (0.165 4 g)
2.38 km/s
27.321 582 d (synchronous)
Equatorial rotation velocity
4.627 m/s
1.542 4° (to ecliptic)
6.687° (to orbit plane)
Albedo0.12
Surface temp.minmeanmax
equator100 K220 K
85°N70 K130 K230 K
−2.5 to −12.9
−12.74 (mean full moon)
29.3 to 34.1 arcminutes
Surface pressure
2.25  × 10-12torr

The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. We usually see it in the night sky and also during the day. Some other planets also have moons or natural satellites.

Our moon is about one-fourth of the width of the Earth. Because it is far away it looks small, about half a degree wide. The gravity on the moon is one-sixth of the Earth's gravity. It means that something will be one-sixth as heavy on the Moon than on Earth. The Moon is a rocky and dusty place. It moves slowly away from the Earth at a rate of 3.8 cm per year, due to the effect of tidal dissipation.

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