The binary numeral system is a way to write numbers using only two digits: 0 and 1. These are used in computers as a series of "off" and "on" switches. In binary, each digit's place value is twice as much as that of the next digit to the right (since each digit holds two values). In decimal - the system that humans normally use - each digit holds ten values, and the place value increases by a power of ten (ones, tens, hundreds, etc.). The place value of the rightmost digit, in either case, is 1.
| 0 | 0000 | 0+0+0+0 |
| 1 | 0001 | 0+0+0+1 |
| 2 | 0010 | 0+0+2+0 |
| 3 | 0011 | 0+0+2+1 |
| 4 | 00100 | 0+0+4+0+0 |
| 5 | 00101 | 0+0+4+0+1 |
| 6 | 00110 | 0+0+4+2+0 |
| 7 | 00111 | 0+0+4+2+1 |
| 8 | 01000 | 0+8+0+0+0 |
| 9 | 01001 | 0+8+0+0+1 |
| 10 | 01010 | 0+8+0+2+0 |
| 11 | 01011 | 0+8+0+2+1 |
| 12 | 01100 | 0+8+4+0+0 |
| 13 | 01101 | 0+8+4+0+1 |
| 14 | 01110 | 0+8+4+2+0 |
| 15 | 01111 | 0+8+4+2+1 |
| 16 | 10000 | 16+0+0+0+0 |
| 17 | 10001 | 16+0+0+0+1 |
| 18 | 10010 | 16+0+0+2+0 |
| 19 | 10011 | 16+0+0+2+1 |
| 20 | 10100 | 16+0+4+0+0 |
| 21 | 10101 | 16+0+4+0+1 |
| 22 | 10110 | 16+0+4+2+0 |
| 23 | 10111 | 16+0+4+2+1 |
| 24 | 11000 | 16+8+0+0+0 |
| 25 | 11001 | 16+8+0+0+1 |
| 26 | 11010 | 16+8+0+2+0 |
| 27 | 11011 | 16+8+0+2+1 |
| 28 | 11100 | 16+8+4+0+0 |
| 29 | 11101 | 16+8+4+0+1 |
| 30 | 11110 | 16+8+4+2+0 |
