A block on the periodic table is a group of elements that all have their electrons in the same atomic orbital. There are four blocks, s-, d-, f, and p-. The word "block" was first used to describe this by Charles Janet.
Group → | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
↓ Period | |||||||||||||||||||
1 | title="s-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 1 H | title="s-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 2 He | |||||||||||||||||
2 | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 3 Li | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 4 Be | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 5 B | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 6 C | title="p-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 7 N | title="p-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 8 O | title="p-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 9 F | title="p-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 10 Ne | |||||||||||
3 | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 11 Na | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 12 Mg | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 13 Al | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 14 Si | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 15 P | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 16 S | title="p-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 17 Cl | title="p-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 18 Ar | |||||||||||
4 | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 19 K | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 20 Ca | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 21 Sc | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 22 Ti | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 23 V | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 24 Cr | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 25 Mn | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 26 Fe | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 27 Co | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 28 Ni | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 29 Cu | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 30 Zn | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 31 Ga | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 32 Ge | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 33 As | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 34 Se | title="p-block; Primordial; Liquid" style="text-align:center; color:green; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 35 Br | title="p-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 36 Kr | |
5 | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 37 Rb | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 38 Sr | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 39 Y | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 40 Zr | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 41 Nb | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 42 Mo | title="d-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 43 Tc | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 44 Ru | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 45 Rh | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 46 Pd | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 47 Ag | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 48 Cd | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 49 In | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 50 Sn | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 51 Sb | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 52 Te | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 53 I | title="p-block; Primordial; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 54 Xe | |
6 | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 55 Cs | title="s-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 56 Ba | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 57 La | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 72 Hf | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 73 Ta | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 74 W | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 75 Re | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 76 Os | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 77 Ir | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 78 Pt | title="d-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 79 Au | title="d-block; Primordial; Liquid" style="text-align:center; color:green; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 80 Hg | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 81 Tl | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 82 Pb | title="p-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 83 Bi | title="p-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 84 Po | title="p-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 85 At | title="p-block; from decay; Gas " style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Gas; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 86 Rn | |
7 | title="s-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 87 Fr | title="s-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/s-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 88 Ra | title="d-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 89 Ac | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 104 Rf | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 105 Db | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 106 Sg | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 107 Bh | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 108 Hs | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 109 Mt | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 110 Ds | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 111 Rg | title="d-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/d-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 112 Cn | title="p-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 113 Nh | title="p-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 114 Fl | title="p-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 115 Mc | title="p-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 116 Lv | title="p-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 117 Ts | title="p-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/p-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 118 Og | |
title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 58 Ce | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 59 Pr | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 60 Nd | title="f-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 61 Pm | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 62 Sm | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 63 Eu | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 64 Gd | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 65 Tb | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 66 Dy | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 67 Ho | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 68 Er | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 69 Tm | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 70 Yb | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 71 Lu | ||||||
title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 90 Th | title="f-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 91 Pa | title="f-block; Primordial; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:2px solid #8811ff;" | 92 U | title="f-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 93 Np | title="f-block; from decay; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/from decay;" | 94 Pu | title="f-block; synthetic; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 95 Am | title="f-block; synthetic; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 96 Cm | title="f-block; synthetic; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 97 Bk | title="f-block; synthetic; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 98 Cf | title="f-block; synthetic; Solid" style="text-align:center; color:black; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 99 Es | title="f-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 100 Fm | title="f-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 101 Md | title="f-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 102 No | title="f-block; synthetic; Unknown phase" style="text-align:center; color:Template:Element color/Unknown phase; background:Template:Element color/f-block; border:Template:Element frame/synthetic;" | 103 Lr | ||||||