Holy Roman Empire Sacrum Imperium Romanum (in Latin) Heiliges Römisches Reich (in German)
800/962–1806
The Holy Roman Empire at its greatest extent in the early to middle 13th century during the Hohenstaufen dynasty (1155–1268) superimposed on modern state borders.
Capital	No official capital, various imperial seats
Common languages	German, Latin (administrative/liturgical/ceremonial) Various
Religion	Roman Catholicism (800–1806) Lutheranism (1555–1806) Calvinism (1648–1806) see details
Government	Elective monarchy
Emperor
• 800–814	Charlemagne
• 962–973	Otto I (first)
• 1792–1806	Francis II (last)
Legislature	Imperial Diet
Historical era	Middle Ages Early modern period
• Charlemagne is crowned Emperor of the Romans	25 December 800
•	2 February 962
• Conrad II assumes crown of Burgundy	2 February 1033
• Peace of Augsburg	25 September 1555
• Peace of Westphalia	24 October 1648
• Battle of Austerlitz	2 December 1805
•	6 August 1806
Population
• 1200	5000000
• 1500	16000000
• 1618	21000000
• 1648	16000000
• 1786	26265000
Preceded by Succeeded by East Francia Kingdom of Germany Kingdom of Italy Dutch Republic Old Swiss Confederacy Kingdom of Prussia Austrian Empire Confederation of the Rhine

The Holy Roman Empire (Latin: Sacrum Imperium Romanum; German: Heiliges Römisches Reich), occasionally but unofficially referred to as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, was a polity in Western and Central Europe under the rule of an Emperor, who was elected by the princes and the magistrates of its regions and cities.On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned Frankish king Charlemagne as Roman emperor and revived the title in Western Europe for the first time since the fall of the ancient Western Roman Empire in 476.