The Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ) or Umayyads (Arabic: الأمويون) was an Arab clan within the Quraysh tribe who were the ruling family of the Umayyad Caliphate between 661 and 750 and later of Al-Andalus between 756 and 1031. The Islamic Empire reached its largest geographical extent under the Umayyads. Further, Al-Andalus became a centre of science, medicine, philosophy and invention during the Islamic Golden Age. view more...