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Canada
A vertical triband design (red, white, red) with a red maple leaf in the center.
Motto: 
Anthem: 
A projection of North America with Canada highlighted in green
CapitalOttawa
45°24′N 75°40′W / 45.400°N 75.667°W / 45.400; -75.667
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2016)
Religion
(2011)
Demonym(s)Canadian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary
constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
Mary Simon
Justin Trudeau
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Commons
Independence 
July 1, 1867
December 11, 1931
April 17, 1982
Area
• Total area
Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (2nd)
• Water (%)
11.76 (as of 2015)
• Total land area
9,093,507 km2 (3,511,023 sq mi)
Population
• Q1 2021 estimate
Neutral increase 38,131,104 (37th)
• 2016 census
35,151,728
• Density
Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (185th)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.979 trillion (15th)
• Per capita
Increase $51,713 (20th)
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.883 trillion (9th)
• Per capita
Increase $49,222 (18th)
Gini (2018) 30.3
medium
HDI (2019)Increase 0.929
very high · 16th
CurrencyCanadian dollar ($) (CAD)
Time zoneUTC−3.5 to −8
• Summer (DST)
UTC−2.5 to −7
Date formatyyyy-mm-dd (AD)
Driving sideright
Calling code+1
ISO 3166 codeCA
Internet TLD.ca

Canada is a country in North America. Its land reaches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. The Arctic Ocean is to the north of Canada. Canada's land area is 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles). It is the world's second largest country by total area, but only the fourth largest country by land area. It has the world's longest coastline (a border with water). Canada has ten provinces and three territories. Most parts of the country are cold or severely cold in the winter. Areas in the south of Canada are warm in the summer. Much of the land is covered in forest or tundra. Most of the people in Canada live in urban areas, near the southern border with the US. This border is the longest between any two countries in the world. The capital is Ottawa, and the largest city is Toronto. Other large cities include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton.

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