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Argon,  18Ar
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image/alt
General properties
Pronunciation/ˈɑːrɡɒn/ (AR-gon)
Appearancecolorless gas exhibiting a lilac/violet glow when placed in an electric field
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)[39.79239.963]
Argon in the periodic table
HydrogenHelium
LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon
SodiumMagnesiumAluminiumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon
PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton
RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon
CaesiumBariumLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercury (element)ThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon
FranciumRadiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumNihoniumFleroviumMoscoviumLivermoriumTennessineOganesson
Ne

Ar

Kr
chlorineargonpotassium
Atomic number (Z)18
Groupgroup 18 (noble gases)
Periodperiod 3
Blockp-block
Element category  noble gas
Electron configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p6
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 8
Physical properties
Phase at STPAr: Gas
Melting point83.81 K ​(−189.34 °C, ​−308.81 °F)
Boiling point87.302 K ​(−185.848 °C, ​−302.526 °F)
Density (at STP)1.784 g/L
when liquid (at b.p.)1.3954 g/cm3
Triple point83.8058 K, ​68.89 kPa
Critical point150.687 K, 4.863 MPa
Heat of fusion1.18 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization6.53 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity20.85 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K) 4753617187
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0
ElectronegativityPauling scale: no data
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1520.6 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2665.8 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3931 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Covalent radius106±10 pm
Van der Waals radius188 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of argon
Other properties
Natural occurrenceAr: Primordial
Crystal structureface-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for argon
Speed of sound323 m/s (gas, at 27 °C)
Thermal conductivity17.72×10−3  W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility−19.6·10−6 cm3/mol
CAS Number7440-37-1
History
Discovery and first isolationLord Rayleigh and William Ramsay (1894)
Main isotopes of argon
Iso­topeAbun­danceHalf-life (1/2)Decay modePro­duct
36Ar0.334%stable
37Arsyn35 dε37Cl
38Ar0.063%stable
39Artrace269 yβ39K
40Ar99.604%stable
41Arsyn109.34 minβ41K
42Arsyn32.9 yβ42K
36
Ar
and 38
Ar
content may be as high as 2.07% and 4.3% respectively in natural samples. 40
Ar
is the remainder in such cases, whose content may be as low as 93.6%.
| references

Argon is a chemical element. Its symbol is argon is Ar and its atomic number is 18. It is part of the noble gas group. It is an odorless and tasteless gas. Argon is the third-most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere.

The name "argon" is from the Greek word ἀργός meaning "lazy" or "inactive" because it does not react with other chemicals.

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